Wolves in Sheep's Clothing: Transgressive Sexualities in ‘Little Red Riding Hood’ and Angela Carter

Authors

  • Jennifer Reid Birkbeck, University of London

Keywords:

Fairy Tales, Fable, Feminism, Gender Studies, Constructivism, Angela Carter, Michel Foucault, Julia Kristeva,

Abstract

In her wolf stories, Angela Carter uses the rich and often contradictory associations attached to the wolf in Western culture to destabilise binary notions of gender and identity. I explore the metaphorical resonances of the wolf in European tradition and the critical traditions surrounding the fairy tale, in itself a proliferation of discourses upon which Carter draws, before going on to investigate her explorations of ‘Little Red Riding Hood’ in terms of other contemporary debates which shed light on, and are reflected in, Carter’s writing.  I chart Carter’s depiction of power and generational conflict in the tale, making reference to Michel Foucault’s The History of Sexuality.  I then examine how Julia Kristeva’s theory of abjection in Powers of Horror sheds light on Carter’s concern with the division between humanity and bestiality.  By so doing, I demonstrate that Carter does reinscribe the gender politics associated with the fairy tale, using the multivocal and intertextual tradition of ‘Little Red Riding Hood’ to ‘present a number of propositions’ regarding storytelling, female sexuality, and gender construction.

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Author Biography

  • Jennifer Reid, Birkbeck, University of London
    Jennifer Allport Reid studied undergraduate English at Oxford, before undertaking a taught Masters degree in Renaissance Literature at Cambridge.  She is currently completing an MA by Research at Leeds entitled ‘‘Ritual initiation; pubertal rites; virgin martyrs and sacrificial victims’: Myth, Fairy Tales and Folklore in Angela Carter’s Adaptations of ‘Sleeping Beauty’ and ‘Little Red Riding Hood’’.  In October, she will commence a PhD at Birkbeck, exploring the relationship between English folklore and the early modern stage.

References

Works Cited

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• Bacchilega, Cristina. Postmodern Fairy Tales: Gender and Narrative Strategies. Philadelphia: U of Pennsylvania P, 1997. Print.

• Beckett, Sandra L. Recycling Red Riding Hood. London: Routledge, 2002. Print.

• Bettelheim, Bruno. The Uses of Enchantment: The Meaning and Importance of Fairy Tales. London: Penguin, 1991. Print.

• Carter, Angela. Burning Your Boats: Collected Short Stories. London: Vintage, 1996. Print.

• ---. The Curious Room: Plays, Film Scripts and an Opera. Ed. Mark Bell. London: Chatto and Windus, 1996. Print.

• ---. The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault. London: Penguin, 2008. Print.

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• Crofts, Charlotte. ‘Anagrams of Desire’: Angela Carter’s Writing for Radio, Film and Television. Manchester: Manchester UP, 2003. Print.

• Darnton, Robert. The Great Cat Massacre: And Other Episodes in French Cultural History. New York: Basic, 1984. Print.

• Duncker, Patricia. ‘Re-imagining the Fairy Tales: Angela Carter’s Bloody Chambers’. Literature and History 10 (1984): 3-14. Print.

• Dundes, Alan, ed. Little Red Riding Hood: A Casebook. Wisconsin: U of Wisconsin P, 1989. Print.

• Foucault, Michel. The Will to Knowledge: The History of Sexuality, Volume One. Trans. Robert Hurley. London: Penguin, 1979. Print.

• Freud, Sigmund. ‘The Occurrence in Dreams of Material from Fairy Tales’. 1913. E-books Library. Web. 26 April 2014. < http://www.ebooks-library.com/author.cfm/AuthorID/508>

• Haffenden, John. Novelists in Interview. New York: Methuen, 1985. Print.

• Jennings, Hope. ‘Genesis and Gender: The Word, the Flesh and the Fortunate Fall in ‘Peter and the Wolf’ and ‘Penetrating to the Heart of the Forest’. Angela Carter: New Critical Readings. Eds. Sonya Andermahr and Lawrence Phillips. London: Continuum International, 2012. 163-74.

• Jordan, Elaine. ‘Enthralment: Angela Carter’s Speculative Fictions.’ Plotting Change: Contemporary Women’s Fiction. Ed. Linda Anderson. London: Edward Arnold, 1990. 19-40.

• Jowett, Lorna. ‘Between the Paws of the Tender Wolf: Authorship, Adaptation and Audience’. Angela Carter: New Critical Readings. Eds. Sonya Andermahr and Lawrence Phillips. London: Continuum International, 2012. 32-42.

• Kristeva, Julia. Powers of Horror: AN Essay on Abjection. Trans. Leon S. Roudiez. New York: Columbia UP, 1982. Print.

• ‘The Company of Angela Carter: An Interview.’ Marxism Today January 1985: 20-22. Amiel and Melburn Trust. Web. 14 September 2014. < http://www.amielandmelburn.org.uk/collections/mt/pdf/85_01_20.pdf>

• Orenstein, Catherine. Little Red Riding Hood Uncloaked: Sex, Morality, and the Evolution of a Fairy Tale. New York: Basic, 2002. Print.

• Otten, Charlotte F. ed. A Lycanthropy Reader: Werewolves in Western Culture. Syracuse: Syracuse UP, 1986. Print.

• Warner, Marina. From the Beast to the Blonde: On Fairy Tales and their Tellers. London: Vintage, 1995. Print.

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Film

• The Company of Wolves. Director Neil Jordan. Granada, 1984. DVD.

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Published

2014-11-09

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Wolves in Sheep’s Clothing: Transgressive Sexualities in ‘Little Red Riding Hood’ and Angela Carter. (2014). Postgraduate English: A Journal and Forum for Postgraduates in English, 29. https://postgradenglishjournal.awh.durham.ac.uk/ojs/index.php/pgenglish/article/view/141